Heart Rate Variations in an Elite Futsal Player after Twelve Years of Maximum Performance

J. Álvarez-Medina^1, , V. Murillo-Lorente¹, P. Manonelles-Marqueta² and L. Giménez-Salillas¹

¹Faculty of Health Sciences, Department of Physical Medicine and Nursing, University of Zaragoza, Zaragoza, Spain

²Spanish Federation of Sports Medicine (FEMEDE), Pamplona, Spain

Cite this paper

J. Álvarez-Medina, V. Murillo-Lorente, P. Manonelles-Marqueta and L. Giménez-Salillas. Heart Rate Variations in an Elite Futsal Player after Twelve Years of Maximum Performance. American Journal of Sports Science and Medicine. 2014; 2(3):98-102. doi: 10.12691/AJSSM-2-3-6

Abstract

Compare cardiovascular responses and adaptations of a professional futsal player both at rest and in action over an uninterrupted twelve-year period. Cross-over case study. Data analysis was performed by descriptive analysis, which results are expressed as percentages (percentiles) and mean ± standard deviation (SD). The study was conducted between 1999 and 2012 sport seasons. Laboratory tests (Electrocardiogram and echocardiography, maximum stress test) and field test (competitive and training games).The VO2 max of our athlete decreased from 57.8 to 52.7 ml/kg/min however the anaerobic threshold significantly improved, as it increased from 80.4% to 92% of his heart rate maximum (HRmax). The athlete’s HRmax changed from 194 bpm in 1999 to 176 bpm in 2012 and his mean heart rate (MHR) from 168.1 ± 13 bpm to 142 ± 13 bpm. In 1999 the athlete’s performance was < 150 bpm 9.1% of time while in 2012 his heart rate (HR) was < 150 bpm 60.30% of time. In 1999, he had 150-170 bpm 32.9% of time, while in 2012 he was 39.7% of time with this HR. He changed from having a HR >170 bpm 57.8% of time in 1999 to not have this HR at any time in 2012. Comparative analysis indicated that intensity variability over a decade is < 10%, as it was 86.5% in 1999 and 80.6% in 2012. Conclusions: Age is the main factor causing heart rate variability in team sports players since maximum heart rate decreases with age. Using heart rate as an indicator of work intensity involves using relative values of percentage of work intensity with respect to their maximum heart rate.

Keywords

team sports, adaptations, training, fitness, cardiovascular responses

Copyright

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License. To view a copy of this license, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/

References

[1]	Bangsbo, J., Mohr, M., Krustrup, P. “Physical and metabolic demands of training and match-play in the elite football player”. J Sports Sci. 24 (7). 665-674. 2006.
[2]	Buchheit, M., Lepretre, P.M., Behaegel, A.L., Millet, G.P., Cuvelier, G., Ahmaidi, S.L. “Cardiorespiratory responses during running and sport-specific exercises in hadball players”. J Sci Med Sport. 12 (3). 399-405. 2009.
[3]	Foster, C.D., Twist, C., Lamb, K.L., Nicholas, C.W. “Heart rate responses to small-sided games among elite junior rugby league players”. J Strength Cond Res. 24 (4). 906-11. 2010.
[4]	Alexiou, H., Coutts, A.J. “A comparison of methods used for quantifying internal training load in women soccer players”. Int J Sports Psychiol Perform. 3 (3). 320-330. 2008.
[5]	Borresen, J., Lambert, M.I. “Quantifying training load: A comparison of subjective and objective methods”. Int. J Sports Psychiol Perform. 3 (1). 16-30. 2008.
[6]	Coutts, A.J., Rampinini, E., Marcora, S.M., Castagna, C., Impellizzeri, F.M. “Heart rate and blood lactate correlates of perceived exertion during small-sided soccer games”. J Sci Med Sport. 12 (1). 79-84. 2009.
[7]	Álvarez, J., López, I., Echavarri, J.M., Quílez, J., Terreros, J.L., Manonelles, P. “Análisis científico de diferentes métodos de entrenamiento en el fútbol sala”. Arch Med Deporte. 26. 93-103. 2009.
[8]	Eston, R., Williams, J.G. “Reliability of rating of perceiver effort regulation of exercise intensity”. Br J Sports Med. 22 (4). 153-155. 1998.
[9]	Coutts, A.J., Rampinini, E., Marcora, S.M., Castagna, C., Impellizzeri, F.M. “Heart rate and blood lactate correlates of perceived exertion during small-sided soccer games”. J Sci Med Sport. 12 (1). 79-84. 2009.
[10]	Álvarez, J., Giménez, L., Corona, P., Manonelles, P. “Necesidades cardiovasculares y metabólicas del fútbol sala: análisis de la competición”. Apunts. 67. 45-51. 2002.
[11]	Jackson, A.S. “Estimación de la frecuencia cardiaca máxima de la edad. ¿Es una relación lineal?”. Med Sci Sports Exerc. 39 (5). 822-829. 2007.
[12]	Boudet, G., Garet, M., Bedu, M., Albuisson, E., Chamoux, A. “Median maximal heart rate calibration in different conditions: laboratory, field and competition”. Int J Sports Med. 23 (4). 290-297. 2002.
[13]	Álvarez, J., Corona, P., Giménez, L., Serrano, E., Manonelles, P. “Perfil cardiovascular en el fútbol-sala. Respuesta inmediata al esfuerzo”. Arch Med Deporte. 83. 199-204. 2001.
[14]	Álvarez, J., Corona, P., Giménez, L., Serrano, E., Manonelles, P. “Perfil cardiovascular en el fútbol-sala. Adaptaciones al esfuerzo”. Arch Med Deporte. 82. 143-148. 2001.
[15]	Beaver, W.L., Wassermann, K., Whipp, B.J. “A new method for detecting the anaerobic threshold by gas exchange”. J Appl Physiol. 60. 2020-2027. 1986.
[16]	Barbero-Alvarez, J.C., Soto, V.M., Barbero-Alvarez, V., Granda-Vera, J. “Match analysis and heart rate of futsal players during competition”. J Sports Sci. 26 (1). 63-73. 2008.
[17]	Castagna, C., D'Ottavio, S., Granda Vera, J., Barbero Alvarez, J.C. “Match demands of professional futsal: A case study”. J Sci Med Sport. 12 (4). 490-494. 2009.
[18]	Casamichana, D., Castellano, J., González, R. “Demanda fisiológica en juegos reducidos de fútbol con diferentes orientaciones del espacio”. Int J Sports Sci. 2 (23). 141-154. 2011.
[19]	O’Connor, P.J., Raglin, J.S., Morgan, W.P. “Psychometric correlates of perception during arm ergometry in males and females”. Int J Sports Med. 17 (6). 462-466. 1996.
[20]	Morganroth, J., Maron, B.J., Henry, W.L., Epstein, S.E. “Comparative left ventricular dimensions in trained athletes”. Ann Intern Med. 82. 521-524. 1975.
[21]	Álvarez, J., Giménez, L., Manonelles, P., Corona, P. “Importancia del VO2 máx. y de la capacidad de recuperación en los deportes de prestación mixta. Caso práctico: fútbol sala”. Arch Med Deporte. 86. 577-583. 2001.
[22]	Bouchard, C., Lortie, G. “Heredity and endurance performance”. Sports Med. 1. 38-64. 1984.
[23]	García, M., Leibar, X. Umbral Aeróbico y Umbral Anaeróbico. Entrenamiento de la resistencia de los corredores de medio fondo y fondo. Madrid, Gymnos, 1997.
[24]	Lacour, J.R., Chatard, J.C. “Aspectos fisiológicos del fútbol”. El entrenador Español de Fútbol. 5. 32-35. 1985.
[25]	Parr, R.B., Wilmore, J.H., Bachman, D., Kerlan, R.K. “Professional basketball players. Atlethic profiles”. Physician Sports Med. 6. 77-84. 1978.
[26]	Wolford, S., Angove, M. “A comparison of training techniques and game intensities for national level netball players”. Sports Coach. 14. 18-21. 1991.
[27]	Barbero, J.C., Granda, J., Soto, V.M. “Análisis de la frecuencia cardiaca durante la competición en jugadores profesionales de fútbol sala”. Apunts. 77. 71-78. 2004.
[28]	Rubio, E., Rubio, A., Encarna, F. Estadística en ciencias sanitarias. Colección Monografías Didácticas nº 11. Universidad de Zaragoza. Capítulo 7, 2010.