Acute Hematological Changes in Jiu Jitsu Athletes

Nestor Persio Alvim Agricola^1, and Lidia Andreu Guillo²

¹Universidade Federal de Goiás, Regional Jataí, Departamento de Educação Física Av. Voluntarios da pátria 1132, Vila Fátima. Jataí, Goiás, Brasil

²Universidade federal de Goiás, Departamento de Bioquímica e Biologia Molecular Jardim Samambaia, CP 131. Goiania, Goiás, Brasil

Cite this paper

Nestor Persio Alvim Agricola and Lidia Andreu Guillo. Acute Hematological Changes in Jiu Jitsu Athletes. American Journal of Sports Science and Medicine. 2015; 3(4):70-76. doi: 10.12691/AJSSM-3-4-1

Abstract

This study deals with acute changes in hematological parameters in athletes of the brazilian fight Jiu Jitsu. The aim is to discuss the variations of these parameters in athletes who underwent some training in two different levels of intensity in order to identify the effects of this kind of sport, in what relates to effort intensity features in the organism, and also analyze the possibilities in what has to do with human health. Fourteen volunteers participated in this study, athletes with at least 2 years of practice in this type of fight and competitors. The athletes were monitored for over 2 months in their training routine. Blood samples were collected formerly and immediately after the training sessions in two specific moments, the first collection happened right next to one of the team target competitions and the second collection in post competition period. There was a statistically significant increase in total leukocytes and platelets (both months), neutrophils (month #1), lymphocytes and monocytes (month #2) and significant decrease in eosinophils (both months). The changes induced by exercising in a state of organic homeostasis don’t seem to affect the red series, acutely. However, the white series is largely affected by physical effort, and its magnitude keeps depending on the intensity of effort and the modality of fight.

Keywords

physical exercise, haematological parameters, immune system, injuries, competition

Copyright

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License. To view a copy of this license, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/

References

[1]	Sanchis-Gomar F, Lippi G. Physical activity - an important preanalytical variable. Biochemia Medica 2014; 24(1):68-79.
[2]	Andreato L V, Franchini E, Moraes S M F, Pastório J J, Silva D F, Esteves J V D C, et al. Physiological and Technical-tactical Analysis in Brazilian Jiu-jitsu Competition. Asian Journal of Sports Medicine, Vol. 4 (Number 2), June 2013, Pages: 137-143.
[3]	Del Vecchio F B, Bianchi S, Hirata S M, Chacon-Mikahil M P T. Análise Morfo-funcional de praticantes de Brazilian Jiu Jitsu e estudo da temporalidade e da quantificação das ações motoras na modalidade. Movimento & Percepção, Espirito Santo do Pinhal, SP, v.7, n.10, jan./jun. 2007.
[4]	Bledsoe G H, Hsu E B, Grabowski J G, Brill J D, Li G. Incidence of injury in professional Mixed Martial Arts competitions. Journal of Sports Science and Medicine (2006) CSSI, 136-142.
[5]	Lippi G, Salvagno G L, Danese E, Tarperi C, Guidi G C, Schena F. Variation of Red Blood Cell Distribution Width and Mean Platelet Volume after Moderate Endurance Exercise. Advances in Hematology, Volume 2014, Article ID 192173, 4 pages.
[6]	Reis L C, Oliveira S F, Oliveira C S E S, Campos L A S, Neto O B. Exercício resistido agudo altera perfil hematológico em atletas praticantes de levantamento de peso. Coleção Pesquisa em Educação Física - Vol.8, nº 3-2009.
[7]	Bradão F, Fernandes H M, Alves J V, Fonseca S, Reis V M. Hematologicalandbiochemicalmarkersafter a Brazilian Jiu-Jitsu tournament in world-classathletes. Revista Brasileira de Cineantromopetria e Desempenho Humano.
[8]	Latunde-Dada G O. Iron metabolism in athletes – achieving a gold standard. European Journal of Haematology 90 (10–15). October 2012.
[9]	Ott J N, De Oliveira K R. Análise hematológica de jogadores de futebol profissional antes e após esforço físico intenso. Relatório técnico científico: XVIII Jornada de Pesquisa – Salão do Conhecimento, Ciência, Saúde, Esporte. UNIJUI, Ijuí – RS, 2013.
[10]	Bachur J A, Quemelo P R, Bachur C A K, Domenciano J C, Martins C H G, Stoppa M A, et al. Evaluation of the effect of hypothermia by cold water immersion on blood neutrophils and lymphocytes of rats submitted to acute exercise. Rev. Bras. Hematol. Hemoter. 2008; 30(6):470-474.
[11]	Gabriel H, Kindermann W. The Acute Immune Response to Exercise: What Does It Mean? International Journal of Sports Medicine, vol. 18 n. 1, p. 28-45, 1997.
[12]	Nieman D C. Immune response to heavy exertion. Journal Applied of Physiology, vol. 82 n. 5, p. 1385-1394, 1997.
[13]	Cordeiro E M, Gomes A L M, Guimarães M, Silva S G, Dantas E H M. Alterações hematológicas e bioquímicas oriundas do treinamento de combate em atletas de Kung Fu Olímpico. Rio de Janeiro: Fitness &Performance. v 6, n 4, 255-261, jul / ago 2007.
[14]	Costa Rosa L F P B, Vaisberg M W. Influências do exercício na resposta imune. Rev Bras Med Esporte 2002; 8(4):167-72.
[15]	Brandão F, Fernandes H M, Alves J V, Reis V M. Hematological and biochemical markers after a Brazilian Jiu-Jitsu tournament in world-class athletes. RevBrasCineantropom Desempenho Hum 2014, 16(2):144-151.
[16]	Gonçalves L C, Bessa A, Freitas-Dias R, Werneck-de-Castro J P S, Bassini A, Cameron L C A. sportomics strategy to analyze the ability of arginine to modulate both ammonia and lymphocyte levels in blood after high-intensity exercise. Journal of the International Society of Sports Nutrition 2012, 9:30.
[17]	Henríquez O C, Báez S M E, Von Oetinger A, Cañas J R, Ramírez C R. Autonomic control of heart rate after exercise in trained wrestlers. Biology of Sport, Vol. 30 No2, 2013.
[18]	Rondon M U P B, Forjaz C L M, Nunes N, Amaral S L, Barretto A C P, Negrão C E. Comparison Between Exercise Intensity Prescription Based on a Standard Exercise Test and Cardiopulmonary Exercise Test. Arq Bras Cardiol, volume 70 (nº 3), 159-166, 1998.
[19]	Oliveira C A M, Rogatto G P, Luciano E. Effects of high intensity physical training on the leukocytes of diabetic rats. Rev Bras Med Esporte _ Vol. 8, Nº 6 – Nov/Dez, 2002.
[20]	Terra R, Silva S A G, Pinto V S, Dutra P M L. Effect of exercise on immune system: response, adaptation and cell signaling. Rev Bras Med Esporte – Vol. 18, No 3 – Mai/Jun, 2012.
[21]	Peters E M. Exercise, Immunology and Upper Respiratory Tract Infections. International Journal Sports of Medicine, vol. 18 n. 11, p. S69-S77, 1997.
[22]	Barreto R de L & Correia C R D. Óxido nítrico:propriedades e potenciais usos terapêuticos. Quim. Nova, Vol. 28, No. 6, 1046-1054, 2005.