Overview of Body Metric Analysis for Junior Athletes using Ultrasonography and Bioelectrical Impedance Analysis Technology

Janel Bailey^1, , Rachael Irving¹ and Eon Campbell¹

¹Department of Basic Medical Sciences, the University of the West Indies, Mona, Kingston, Jamaica

Cite this paper

Janel Bailey, Rachael Irving and Eon Campbell. Overview of Body Metric Analysis for Junior Athletes using Ultrasonography and Bioelectrical Impedance Analysis Technology. American Journal of Sports Science and Medicine. 2018; 6(1):1-4. doi: 10.12691/AJSSM-6-1-1

Abstract

Changes in body composition parameters can be used as a mean of tracking an athlete’s health. Athletic performance relative to fat mass should be evaluated as an increase may be detrimental to physical activities by increasing energy demands and decreasing performance. Body composition, is an important indicator of nutritional status, water homeostasis and the specific adaptations to different physical training regimens. Similarly, assessment of the thigh muscles can provide adequate information on functionality and injury vulnerability. Knowledge garnered from biometric analysis using ultrasound and bio-impedance analysis technology, may be used to gauge the health status of future elite athletes. Assessing the body composition and muscle characteristics of young athletes, allow for early detection of weak areas that may negatively affect the performance of these athletes in the future. In addition, knowledge of how these parameters vary with performance provides an athlete with data that may be used to optimize performance.

Keywords

body composition, ultrasound, bio-impedance analysis, muscle characteristics

Copyright

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License. To view a copy of this license, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/

References

[1]	Bunc, V., Hráský, P., & Skalská, M. Changes in Body Composition, During the Season, in Highly Trained Soccer Players. The open Sports Science journal. 8: 18-24. September 2015.
[2]	Sugisaki, N., Kanehisa, H., Tauchi, K., Okazaki, S., Iso, S., & Okada, J. The Relationship between 30-m Sprint Running Time and Muscle Cross-sectional Areas of the Psoas Major and Lower Limb Muscles in Male College Short and Middle Distance Runners. International Journal of Sport and Health Science. 9, 1-7. September 2011.
[3]	Ogawa, M., Mitsukawa, N., Bemben, M., & Abe, T. Ultrasound Assessment of Adductor Muscle Size Using Muscle Thickness of the Thigh. Journal of Sport Rehabilitation. 21: 244-248. August 2012.
[4]	Kavazis, A. & Wadsworth, D. Changes in Body Composition and Perceived Stress Scale-10 in National Collegiate Athletic Association Division I Female Volleyball Players. Archives of exercise in Health and Disease. December 2014; 4: 320-325.
[5]	Jeukendrup, A. & Gleeson, M. Sport nutrition Champaign, IL: Human Kinetics, 2010.
[6]	Nuhmani, S. & Akthar, N. Role of BMI and Waist Hip Ratio on Functional Performance of Elite Indian Junior Tennis Players. International Journal of Scientific Research and Reviews 2: 422-423. December 2012.
[7]	Rockwell, M. Body composition: What are athletes made of? [online] Available at http://www.ncaa.org/health-and-safety/sport-science-institute/body-composition-what-are-athletes-made, Accessed on Jan 22 2017.
[8]	Melvin, M., Smith-Ryan, A., Wingfield, H., Ryan, E., Trexler, E., & Roelofs, E. Muscle Characteristics and Body Composition of NCAA Division I Football Players. Journal of Strength and Conditioning, 28: 3320-3329. June 2014.
[9]	Goodpaster B, Jing H, Watkins S, Kelley D.,; Skeletal Muscle Lipid Content and Insulin Resistance: Evidence for a Paradox in Endurance-Trained Athletes, The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism, 86(12) 5755-5761, December 2001.
[10]	Svantesson, U., Zander, M., Klingberg, S., & Slinde, F. Body composition in male elite athletes, comparison of bioelectrical impedance spectroscopy with dual energy X-ray absorptiometry. Journal of Negative: Results in Biomedicine, 7:1. January 2008.
[11]	Duren, D. L., Sherwood, R. J., Czerwinski, S. A., Lee, M., Choh, A. C., Siervogel, R. M., & Cameron Chumlea, W. Body Composition Methods: Comparisons and Interpretation. Journal of Diabetes Science and Technology, 2(6), 1139-1146 May 2008.
[12]	Treleaven, P., Furnham, A., & Swami, V. The science of body metrics. September 2017. [online] Available at: https://thepsychologist.bps.org.uk/volume-19/edition-7/science-body-metricsRoelofs, accessed on March 23 2017.
[13]	Wagner, Dale R. “Ultrasound as a Tool to Assess Body Fat”. Journal of Obesity,: 2013. July 2013 [Online]. Available at https://www.hindawi.com/journals/jobe/2013/280713/cta/. Accessed on dec14 2017.
[14]	Malavolti, M., Mussi, C., Poli, M., Fantuzzi, A., Salvioli, G., Battistini, N., & Bedogni, G. Cross-calibration of eight-polar bioelectrical impedance analysis versus dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry for the assessment of total and appendicular body composition in healthy subjects aged 21-82 years. Animals of Human Biology. 30; 380-391. August 2003.
[15]	Armstrong N, McManus AM. The Elite Young Athlete. Med Sport Sci. Basel, Karger, 56, 106-125. December 2011.
[16]	Wells, J. (2005). Measuring body composition. Archives of Disease In Childhood, 91(7), 612-617. July 2016.
[17]	Abe, T., Loenneke, J. P., & Thiebaud, R. S. Morphological and functional relationships with ultrasound measured muscle thickness of the lower extremity: a brief review. Ultrasound: Journal of the British Medical Ultrasound Society, 23(3), 166-173. August 2015.
[18]	Frey, M. What is body Fat? 2017. [Online] Available at: https://www.verywell.com/what-is-body-fat-3495554, Accessed on.13. 01.17.
[19]	J, R. Body composition and nutritional assessments in soccer, International Journal of Sports Nutrition. 8(2):113-23. June 2016.
[20]	Krans, B. Ultrasound. Healthline. January 2017. [online] Available at: http://www.healthline.com/health/ultrasound#Overview; Accessed on March 23,. 2017.
[21]	Roelofs, E., Smith-Ryan, A., Melvin, M., Wingfield, H., Trexler, E., & Walker, N. Muscle Size, Quality, and Body Composition. Journal of Strength and Conditioning Research, 29(2), 290-296. August 2015.