Equivalence Reliability and Convergent Validity of Percent Body Fat Prediction Equations

Peter D. Hart^{1, 2,}

¹Health Promotion Program, Montana State University - Northern, Havre, MT 59501

²Kinesmetrics Lab, Montana State University - Northern, Havre, MT 59501

Cite this paper

Peter D. Hart. Equivalence Reliability and Convergent Validity of Percent Body Fat Prediction Equations. American Journal of Sports Science and Medicine. 2019; 7(2):45-50. doi: 10.12691/AJSSM-7-2-4

Abstract

Background: The fitness professional may often benefit from the use of a simple equation in determining a health outcome for an individual in lieu of a more complicated or expensive procedure. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to examine the reliability and validity of several standard prediction equations for percent body fat (PBF). Methods: Data used for this study came from a body composition assessment of N = 131 college students. Five different PBF prediction equations were used, with body mass index (BMI), age, and sex as inputs for each (PBFEQ1 thru PBFEQ5). Additionally, PBF using a bioelectric impedance (BIA) handheld device (PBFHH) was measured for each participant. Equivalence reliability was examined across the five PBF prediction equations using different analysis of variance (ANOVA) models of the intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC). Convergent validity between the prediction equations and PBFHH was determined by examining Pearson correlation coefficients and Bland and Altman limits of agreement (LOA). Reliability and validity was also examined for obesity classification using the Kappa statistic. Results: Reliability across the five PBF prediction equations was excellent for all ICC models in both female (ICCs > .985) and male (ICCs > .976) analyses. PBFHH scores adequately converged with scores from each prediction equation in both female (rs > .913) and male (rs > .817) analyses. LOA between PBFHH and PBFEQ5 indicate small to moderate bias of 4.0 ± 5.1% and 4.7 ± 7.9% in female and male analyses, respectively. Finally, reliability and validity of the prediction equations to classify participants into obese and non-obese categories ranged from moderate to almost perfect. Conclusion: This study provides psychometric evidence supporting the use of PBF prediction equations in a college student population.

Keywords

Body composition (BC), Percent body fat (PBF), obesity, prediction equations

Copyright

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License. To view a copy of this license, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/

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