The Differences of Kinematic Parameters Javelin throw between Male and Female Finalists World Championship (Berlin, 2009-Daegu, 2011)

Ratko Pavlovic^1, , Kemal Idrizovic², Vladan Savic¹, Mensur Vrcic³, Nikola Radulovic⁴ and Aleksandar Simeonov⁵

¹Faculty of Physical Education and Sport, University of East Sarajevo, BIH

²Faculty for Sport and Physical Education, University of Montenegro, Montenegro

³Faculty of Sport and Physical Education, University of Sarajevo, BIH

⁴Faculty of Sport and Physical Education, University of Novi Sad, Serbia

⁵Faculty of Physical Education, Sport and Health, University in Skopje, Macedonia

Cite this paper

Ratko Pavlovic, Kemal Idrizovic, Vladan Savic, Mensur Vrcic, Nikola Radulovic and Aleksandar Simeonov. The Differences of Kinematic Parameters Javelin throw between Male and Female Finalists World Championship (Berlin, 2009-Daegu, 2011). American Journal of Sports Science and Medicine. 2020; 8(1):8-15. doi: 10.12691/AJSSM-8-1-2

Abstract

Background: Kinematic parameters are an indispensable segment in the analysis of all throwing disciplines, including javelin throw. They are also an indicator of possible differences between competitors of different or the same rank of the competition and are an important factor for achieving a good result. The aim of the study was to determine the spatial and temporal differences of kinematic parameters in the javelin throw between the male and female finalists of the World Championships. Methods: The study was conducted on a sample of finalists in the World Athletics Championships (Berlin 2009-Daegu 2011) with the aim of determining the differences between the kinematic parameters of the male and between the female javelin throwers. The sample included a total of 32 competitors in both categories. To obtain the necessary results, a t-test for independent samples was applied. Result: statistically significant differences were confirmed between male finalists in 60% of kinematic parameters: release velocity (t=3,504; p<0,004), angle of yew (t=4,664; p<0,000), length of delivery stride (t=2,444, p<0,028), distance to foul line (t=5,120), duration of impulse stride (t=-4,462, p<0,001), duration to release (t=-4,837, p<0,000). In women, significant differences in 40% of parameters were confirmed: angle of release (t=-,365, p<0,005), angle of yew (t=9,182; p<0,000), duration of impulse stride (t=-4,140, p<0,001), duration to release (t=-4,409, p<0,001). Conclusion: Generally speaking, this research showed that significant differences were observed between male finalists and between female finalists. Mostly, these are kinematic parameters that have proven to be paramount in the resultant performance of these championship throwers. One should not forget the influence of exogenous factors, above all air currents and javelin behavior as an aerodynamic device. An ideal biomechanical model of the thrower can be made based on the differences in the kinematic parameters of the top medal winners at the Berlin WCh in 2009 and the Daegu WCh in 2011.

Keywords

elite athletes, kinematic parameters, javelin throw, differences

Copyright

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License. To view a copy of this license, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/

References

[1]	Pavlovic, R. Athletics. 2016, Niš. Association of writers Branko Miljkovic.
[2]	Pavlovic, R., Radinovic, Z., & Jankovic, M. Morphological status of finalists in the throwing disciplines at the Beijing Olympics. Sportmont, 2012; 10 (34-36): 447-455
[3]	Pavlovic, R., Rakovic, A., Radic, Z., Simeonov, A., & Piršl, D. Morphological status of female athletes in throwing disciplines at the Olympic games in Beijing. Research In Physical Education, Sport And Health, 2013; 2 (2): 113-119.
[4]	Gregor, R., & Pink, M. Biomechanical Analysis of a World Record Javelin Throw: A Case Study. Journal of Applied Biomechanics 1985; 1 (1): 73-77.
[5]	Morriss, C., & Bartlett, R. (1996). Biomechanical Factors Critical for Performance in the Men’s Javelin Throw. Sports Medicine, 1996; 21, (6): 438-446.
[6]	Whiting, W.C., Gregor, R.J, & Halushka, M. Body Segment and Release Parameter Contributions to New-Rules Javelin Throwing. Journal of Applied Biomechanics, 1991; 7(2): 111-124.
[7]	Murakami, M., Tanabe,S., Ishikawa,M., Isolehto, J., Komi,P., & Ito, A. Biomechanical analysis of the javelin at the 2005 IAAF World Championships in Athletics. IAAF, 2006; 21:2; 67-80.
[8]	Murakami, M., Tanabe, S., Ishikawa, M., & Ito, A. The Relationship between Approach Run Kinematics and Javelin Throwing Performance. Asian Journal of Coaching Science, 2017; 1 (1): 1-14 (December, 2017).
[9]	Liu, H., Leigh, S., & Yu, B. Sequences of upper and lower extremity motions in javelin throwing. Journal of Sport Sciences, 2010; 28 (13): 1459-1467.
[10]	Bartlett, R.M., Mueller,E., Lindinger,S., Brunner,F., & Morris,C. Three dimensional evaluation of the kinematic release parameters for javelin throwers of different skill level. Journal of Applied Biomechanics, 1996; 12(1): 58-71
[11]	Mero, A., Komi, P., Korjus, T., Navarro, E., & Gregor, R.J. Body segment contributions to javelin throwing during final thrust phases. Journal of Applied Biomechanics; 1994; 10(2), 166-177.
[12]	Campos, J., Brizuela, G., Ramon, V., & Gámez, J. Analysis of kinematic parameters between spanish and World class javelin throwers. 20 International Symposium on Biomechanics in Sports. ISBS 2002, Caceres - Extremadura – Spain
[13]	Zatsiorsky, V.M. Science and Practice of Strength Training. 1995; (1st ed.). Champaign, IL: Human Kinetics.
[14]	Bartonietz, K. Javelin Throwing: an Approach to Performance Development. 2000; In V. Zatsiorsky (Ed.), Biomechanics in Sport (pp. 401-434). London: Blackwell Science Ltd.
[15]	Young, M. Preparing for the Specific Neuromuscular and Biomechanical Demands of the Javelin Throw , 2007; Available at http://citeseerx.ist.psu.edu/viewdoc/similar?doi=10.1.1.532.6962&type=ab.
[16]	Komi, P.V. Stretch-shortening cycle. In P.V. Komi (Ed.). Strength and Power in Sport.1992; (pp.169-179). Blackwell Scientific Publications: Oxford
[17]	Coleman, A.E. A Baseball Conditioning Program for all Seasons. In: Injuries in Baseball.1988; (pp. 537-545). Philadelphia, PA: Lipincott-Raven Publishers.
[18]	Kearney, J.K., Bath, D., Prasad, B., & Yuan, S. Efficient generation of whip-like throwing and striking motions. In N. Thalmann Magnenat & D. Thalmann (Eds.), Models and Techniques in Computer Animation, 1993; (pp. 270 284). Tokyo: Springer Verlag
[19]	Bath, D.N, & Kearney, J.K. On animating whip-type motion. Journal of Visualization and Computer Animation, 1996; (7): 229-249.
[20]	LeBlanc, M.K., & Dapena, J. Generation and transfer of angular momentum in the javelin throw. Presented at the 20th Annual Meeting of the American Society of Biomechanics. Atlanta, Georgia. 1996; October 17-19.
[21]	Mendoza, L., Nixdorf, E., Isele, R., & Gűnther, C. Biomechanical Analysis of the Javelin throw Men and Women Final. 2009. Scientific Research Project Biomechanical Analyses at the 12 IAAF World Championship, Berlin, 2009 Final Report Javelin Throw.
[22]	Yoon, C.J., Lee, H.S., Kim, J.W. et al. Biomechanical Analysis of the Javelin Throw Men and Women Final. 2011. Scientific Research Project Biomechanical Analyses at the 13 IAAF World Championship, Daeegu, 2011 Final Report Javelin Throw.